Everything about Certificate totally explained
A
certificate is an official
document affirming some fact. For example, a
birth certificate or
death certificate testifies to basic facts regarding a person's birth or death. A certificate may also certify that a person has received specific
education or has passed a
test, and is considered below the standard of an
academic degree.
Due to the low cost of production as compared to other
awards like
trophies or
plaques, certificates are used to recognize most any minor achievement throughout many levels of society. For example, in U.S. schools certificates of attendance are given to students who miss less than a certain number of days of school. A matriculating elementary or secondary school student may receive a certificate stating he/she was most improved in science, mathematics, or a language. Certificates are often used as an inexpensive positive reinforcement to encourage desired behaviors in many contexts.
In
computing and especially
computer security and
cryptography, the word
certificate generally refers to a digital identity certificate, also known as a
public key certificate. It also may be awarded as a necessary certification to validate that a student is considered competent in a certain specific networking skill area in today's ubiquitous and necessary
information technology. Thus a
computer engineer or
computer science graduation most likely will have to obtain additional certificates on and pertaining to the specific technologies or equipments used by the hiring corporation; if not, such employer may suffer unwanted penalties like foregoing (voiding the contract) the protections of a certain level of customer service or warranties.
As an academic award
A certificate, in addition to certifying that someone has passed a test or reached a specific standard of knowledge, may also be the name of an actual award.
In many countries, certificate is a qualification attained in
secondary education. For instance, students in the
Republic of Ireland sit the
Junior Certificate and follow it with the
Leaving Certificate. Similarly, other countries have awards, for instance, in
Australia the
Higher School Certificate (HSC) in
New South Wales, the
Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) in
Victoria, etc., is the examination taken on completion of secondary education.
In many countries, certificates are qualifications in higher education. For example, in the Republic of Ireland, the
National Certificate, which is soon to be replaced by the "
Higher Certificate". These have the titles Certificate (at an undergraduate level), Graduate Certificate (at an undergraduate level, but requiring the completion of a prior undergraduate degree for admission) and Postgraduate Certificate (at a postgraduate level). In
Hong Kong, students take the
Hong Kong Certificate of Education Examination. Certificate is below the standard of the associate degree and higher diploma, which are below the bachelor's degree. Postgraduate certificates are taken after the bachelor's degree and are more vocational oriented than master's degree.
In Australia, a certificate is a qualification offered by a university or other higher education provider which is shorter than a degree or diploma. Certificates are generally provided by
TAFE colleges or non-academic Registered Training Organizations (often workplaces). There are four ranks of Certificate in Australia, indicated by
Roman Numeral, for example, Cert. IV in Horticulture. The time spent varies, but in general a Certificate I'll be granted after a course of only a few weeks, while a Cert. IV may take up to six months. A
Diploma directly follows Cert. IV and may rightly be considered equivalent to a hypothetical Certificate V.
In the
United Kingdom, a
Certificate of Higher Education (CertHE) requires successful completion of 120
CATS Points at Level One. This is equivalent to one year of full-time university education, at first year level. Each credit point takes about 10 hours to achieve, and as such the CertHE is 1, 200 hours of study. This compares with 360 credit points for an undergraduate degree, and 240 credits for a
Diploma of Higher Education.
In the
United States, a certificate may be offered by an institute of higher education. These certificates are usually signify that a student has reached a standard of knowledge of a certain vocational subject. Certificate programs can be completed even quicker than that of an associates degree, and may or may not have language arts, mathematics, or social science requirements at all.
In the State of
Maryland, a Certificate of Merit was, until recently, issued to graduating high-school
seniors who met certain academic requirements (such as completion of advanced courses and a cumulative GPA of 3.00); the statewide certificate has since been replaced by "endorsements" defined by each local school system.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Certificate'.
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